Lachnospiraceae

Lachnospiraceae relative abundance was significantly depleted in critically ill ICU patients compared to healthy controls (ANCOM-II p-adj<0.1), contributing to the loss of colonization resistance and gut dysbiosis during critical illness in a prospective cohort of 51 patients.

PMID: 36894652

D016638 Critical Illness D064806 Dysbiosis

Penalized ridge regression identified Lachnospiraceae as one of the most important families negatively associated with progressive Enterobacteriaceae enrichment between ICU days 1 and 3, consistent with a colonization resistance role against pathobiont expansion during critical illness.

PMID: 36894652

D016638 Critical Illness D064806 Dysbiosis

In a phase 1 FMT trial (n=10 anti-PD-1-refractory metastatic melanoma patients), both FMT donors who had achieved complete response to anti-PD-1 therapy were characterized by high Lachnospiraceae relative abundance in their stool microbiota; the paper explicitly characterizes this as a previously reported 'immunotherapy-favorable feature' of the gut microbiome associated with response to anti-PD-1 therapy.

PMID: 33303685

D000069467 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation D000069196 Gastrointestinal Microbiome D000082082 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors D008545 Melanoma H00038 Melanoma

In a murine CDI model, susceptibility to C. difficile colonization following antibiotic treatment was associated with loss of the normal cecal microbial community (mainly Lachnospiraceae) and a relative increase in Enterobacteriaceae; disease severity was related to the recovery dynamics of these families, with more severe outcomes in mice where Lachnospiraceae failed to return post-antibiotic and Enterobacteriaceae continued to dominate.

PMID: 24503131

D004761 Enterocolitis Pseudomembranous H00338 Pseudomembranous colitis

Monocolonization of germ-free mice with a murine Lachnospiraceae isolate significantly reduced levels of C. difficile colonization and severity of colitis compared to mice monocolonized with a murine E. coli isolate, which had no protective effect, formally demonstrating a colonization resistance function for Lachnospiraceae family members against C. difficile intestinal invasion.

PMID: 24503131

D004761 Enterocolitis Pseudomembranous H00338 Pseudomembranous colitis